Method and means for the treatment of fluids containing fat globules, casein, and sugar.



N. J. NIELSEN. METHOD AND MEANS FOR TH;` TREATMENT 0F FLUIDS CONTAINING FAT GLOBULES,

CASEIN, AND SUGAR. T AP PL|CATION FILED FEB. 27,1914.

1,168,823.. Patented Jan. 18, 1916.

TED STATES NErcE.I

NIELs .'roNA's NIELsEN, o E Amarins, DENMARK.

METHOD AND MEANS For. TEE

Specification of Letters Patent. i

Patented J an. 1 8, 1916.

Applicationiled February 27, 1914. Serial No. 821,462.

To all whom it may concern.' A

Be it known that I, NIELs JoNAs NIELSEN, subject of the Kingdom of Denmark, residing at No. 15 I*`rederilrsgade, Aarhus, Denmark, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in vMethods and Means for the Treatment of Fluids Containing Fat Globules, Casein, and Sugar, of which the following is a specification. A

My invention consists of a method for the treatment of milk, cream and similar fluids containing fat globules, casein and lactine and of the means necessary for the applica'- tion of the treatment.

By the application of the method a double advantage is obtained, viz. la complete sterilization of the fluid as all living organisms are killed, and further a certain, more or less considerable change of consistency of the fluid whichis obtained thereby that the state of the fat globules and the lactine is changed during the treatment.

By the already known methods of sterilizi ing iuidscontaining fat globules and casein is found the drawback that the 'state of the fat globules and the lactine cannot be predetermined during and after the treatment,

as the fat globules, if they are heated under pressure to- 110 C. and thereafter exposed to a considerably lower pressure,'will burst, while the lactine when heated to a temperature of about 128 C. will change its state and bring about a coloring and a disagreeable taste of the fluid.

By the present invention one is able completely to control the state of the fat glob` ules and the lactine during and after the treatment partly by maintaining a fixed re lation between the pressures of the fluid during the heating and cooling process and a Ifixed relation between the temperature before "the cooling and the pressure under whichy the latter takes place, partly by cooll and by heating it during the cooling processv ing the fluid during the heating process a great number of times with short intervals in a similar manner.

In the drawing are lllustrated thevmeans for carrying out the method in question.

Figure 1 shows an apparatus having the same pressure inthe heater and the cooler.

' Fig. 2 shows an apparatus having the same or diierent pressures in the heater and 0001er. Fig. 3 shows an apparatus as in Fig.

an elevated reservoir to a chamber 2. From this chamber a spiral tube 3 which is arranged in a closed reservoir 4 containing heated water or steam leads a pipe 5 .having a pressure gage 6 and being connected with a circulation pump 7, the latter being by means of a pipe 8 connected with the chamber 2. From the pipe 5 another pipe 9 havinga thermometer 10 leads to a .mixing chamber ,11, the latter being connected with pipe 13 by means of a spiral tube 12, tube 12 being irrigated by water from pipe 22 and the pipe 13 having a pressure gage 14.

The pipe 13 leads to acirculating pump 15 pressure-dependent upon the resistance in' the pipes and the capacity of the pumps 7 l, and 11-standing in a denite relation to \..the pressure in the spiral'tube 3, but being always lower than this. The Huid which is to be treated is led in cold state through the pipe 1 into the chamber 2 and from here farther .through the spiral tube 3, in which it is heated, to the pipe 5. From here a part of the iuid passes through the pipe 9 to the chamber 11, while another part passes through the pipe 5 to the pump 7, which forces the fluid through the pipe 8 into the chamber 2. The heated fluid will here meet the cold fluidcoming :trom the pipe 1 and mixwith it. Thefhot iiuid will thereby be `suddenly, cooled and the cold fluid be sud denly heated. The iuid thereafter passes on to the; heater 3. vA quantity of luidis thus continuallylsupplied throu h the .pipe

1 :and asimilar quantity of uid passes through the pipe 9. At .the,same time a considerably Nbigger quantity of luidfis circulating through the heater 3 and the pump 7, thegud being for every circulation heated inthe heater 3 and cooled in the cooling chamber 2. "The heated Huid led' tothe chamber 11 is forced from here through the spiral tube 12 which is irrigated with cold Water supplied through pipe 22 or kept cooled by othermeans. The spiral tube 12 leads to the pipe 13 and through the latter the fluid passes one part to the pipe 17 and another part to the pump l5 the latter being by means of the pipe 16 connected Withthe chamber 11. Here asimilar process takes place as in the heater, thel cold fluid from the pipe- 16 being mixed in the chamber 11 With the hot fluid from the pipe 9, the cold fluid being thereby suddenly heated and the hot fluid suddenly cooled. The fluid passes then through the pipe 17 to the valve 19 and from here through the pipe 20 to a reservoir. In the chamber 2 the hot fluid vcoming from the tube 5 will mix with the cold fluid supplied from the tube 9, thereby a. sudden heating ofthe cold fluid and a corresponding cooling of the hot fluid. In

the chamber 11 the cold fluid supplied from the tube r13 Will in a similar manner mix with the hot fluid supplied from the tube 9, so that the cold fluid is suddenly heated and the hot fluid suddenly cooled. This is of the l greatest importance both to the sterilizathe more or less complete bursting of the fat globules, it being desirable for the subsequent employment of the fluid for certain purposes vthat the fat globules shall be bursted.

In Fig. 3 the apparatusisbuilt as in Fig..

2 but with an alterationk of the heating tubev 3 and the-cooling tube 12, in this gure the circulating pipesv vand 13 issue from the spiral tubes 3 and 12 in such a manner that the latter are elongated a certain distance before they are connected With the pipes 9 and 17.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inventionv the. higher temperature, leading liquid from said last mentioned circuit into said cooler circuit, and discharging liquid from said cooler circuit, the circulation in said two circuits being maintained at high speed, and

the relative pressures and temperatures be= ing such that the fat globules Will be bursted. v

2. An apparatus `for treating liquids containing fat globules, casein and lactine, comprising in combination two closedrcircuits for the liquid, means f'or circulating the liquid in said circuits, means for heating one circuit and cooling the other circuit, 'means for leading liquid into the heated circuit,

vmeans forvleading lliquid from the heated circuit to the coldercrcuit, means for discharging liquid f'rom said colder circuit, and means `for intimately mixing the liquid in said circuits with the liquid introduced thereinto.

Inwitness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

NIELS JONAS NIELSENV. 

